Problem:

Local Change List under PHPStorm missing in Git Tool

Solution:

Every now and then I had the phenomenon that the local changelist (the files in my version control) were not visible as tabs in the Git Tool. Since I always search for ages until I find this option, I'm posting it here. On the one hand, to save others the search, and on the other hand, the option is guaranteed to be set incorrectly again the next time I reinstall and have to search again:

This is what it looks like when the Local Change List is present:

And this is how it looks in PHPStorm's Git tool when the local change list is missing:

The solution to the puzzle is the setting. The option Version Control > Commit > Use non-modal commit interface must be inactive.